So, when you are Confirmed, you are sharing in an ancient and rich tradition that millions of Catholics have participated in throughout history. Confirmation is not so necessary for salvation that we could not be Each bishop is a successor to the apostles, upon whom the Holy Spirit descended at Pentecostthe first confirmation. 866. 921-922), and last rites. Webinitiation into the Church. The Roman Catholic Church views confirmation as a sacrament instituted by Jesus Christ. We should know the Chief Mysteries of Faith and the duties of a Christian before receiving Confirmation, because as one cannot be a good soldier without knowing the rules of the army to which he belongs and, understanding the commands of his leader, so one cannot be a good Christian without knowing the laws of the. Confirmation/Reception/Reaffirmation may be done at the service of Holy Baptism or at the Easter Vigil when a bishop is present (BCP, pp. The Form of the Sacrament of Confirmation, The Effects of the Sacrament of Confirmation. The Sacrament of Confirmation in the Catholic Church The bishop leads the congregation in renewing the baptismal covenant. Can you get to Heaven without Confirmation? He wasnt raised in any faith at all. Early Christian theologians, therefore, closely connected the meaning and effects of confirmation with those of baptism. Want to know more about these graces sealed inside of you? Learn about the history and changes to the practice of the sacrament. We receive the message of faith in a deeper and more intensive manner with great emphasis given to 108 Cf. instructed in the nature and effects of this Sacrament. This preparation may draw upon the baptismal covenant (BCP, pp. Canon 882 states that the ordinary minister of confirmation is a bishop. A. 1. What color does the bishop wear at the Confirmation Mass? 107 1296 Christ himself declared that he was marked with his Father's seal. WebConfirmation means accepting responsibility for your faith and destiny. 8. Hence they are, as true witnesses of Christ, more strictly obliged to spread and defend the faith by word and deed." It includes also those who humbly submit CIC, Can. 2. It confers the gifts of the Holy Spirit (wisdom, understanding, knowledge, Persons who have not been confirmed in youth should bishop rather than the priest to administer this Sacrament. But not as a permanent situation. It occurs during a sacramental rite the evolved in the Church under the guidance of the Holy Spirit, in which we express a mature commitment to Christ, and receive strength from the Holy Spirit through prayer and the laying on of hands by a bishop (BCP, 860). This is what we normally see at the Easter Vigil Mass in a typical parish. unbelief, false doctrines, bad books, bad example and temptation in every form. CONFIRMATION A. 102 Cf. hNiadO 'N~%-h Did you know that when you receive the sacrament of Confirmation you accept a mission from God? Children are baptized, confirmed (or "chrismated"), and receive Holy Communion (in the form of the sacred blood, the consecrated wine), all in the same ceremony, and always in that order. Lutheranism rejects the sacramental definition of confirmation and considers it a public profession of the faith into which the candidate was baptized as an infant. Instructions for Assisting the Bishop Confirmation certainly makes you better equipped to handle life as a Christian, but that doesnt mean things will always be easy. It makes you a heavenly friend who will pray and intercede for you on your Christian journey. Confirmation Give them the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of right judgment and courage, the spirit of knowledge and reverence. It is the diocesan bishops prerogative, and his responsibility, to ensure that the faithful of his diocese are able to receive this sacrament (c. 885.1), either from himself or another bishop. When a person is confirmed outside his own parish, notification must be sent to the parish where hewas baptized. 891; 883, 3 o . The bishop can, in these circumstances, phone the parish and give the faculty to confirm to the pastor or some other priest(s) there. But as this Sacrament was administered by, the Apostles and numbered with the other Sacraments instituted by Our Lord, it is certain that He instituted this. 90 LG 11; Cf. Second, this rank implies a special obligation. This is not the only scenario in which a priest who is not a bishop can confirm. Because the Sacrament of Confirmation is a young person's In some Eastern Churches this consecration is even reserved to the patriarch: The liturgy of Antioch expresses the epiclesis for the consecration of the sacred chrism (myron) in this way: "[Father . Confirmation, Reception, and Reaffirmation are rooted in the baptismal covenant. 1306 Every baptized person not yet confirmed can and should receive the sacrament of Confirmation. Why All Christianswho have been baptized are eligible to be confirmed, and, although the Western church suggests receiving the sacrament of confirmation after reaching the "age of reason" (around 7 years old, or second grade in the United States), it can be received at any time. through the grace of Confirmation. This person is a great example of what it means to be a Catholic. 91 Cf. The Prayers for the Candidates from the baptismal liturgy may be used as the Prayers for the Candidates for Confirmation/Reception/Reaffirmation (BCP, p. 417). Anointing of the Sick. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. 889 1. In general the Beatitudes embrace whatever pertains to the perfection of Christian life, and they invite us. A. In the standard scenario that Kaitlyn mentions (namely, that of teenaged Catholics receiving the sacrament at their parish church), the diocesan bishop himself, or an auxiliary bishop if there is one, normally administers confirmation. How many minutes does it take to drive 23 miles? The BCP provides specific prayers to be said by the bishop for Confirmation, for Reception, and for Reaffirmation. duties. Our Lord usually preached wherever an opportunity of doing good by His Words presented itself. The whole Church is rooting for you! Confirmation is no longer seen as the completion of Christian initiation, nor is Confirmation a prerequisite for receiving communion. Catechism of the Catholic ChurchSecond EditionPart TwoThe Celebration of the Christian MysterySection TwoThe Seven Sacraments of the Church, CHAPTER ONE THE SACRAMENTS OF CHRISTIAN INITIATION ARTICLE 2 THE SACRAMENT OF CONFIRMATION 1285 Baptism, the Eucharist, and the sacrament of Confirmation together constitute the "sacraments of Christian initiation," whose unity must be safeguarded. A. The pre-baptismal anointing with the oil of catechumens signifies cleansing and strengthening; the anointing of the sick expresses healing and comfort. A. Oil is slippery and, in ancient times, warriors would cover themselves in it before battle to make it difficult for their enemies to grab them. Holy Chrism is used at Baptism and for the Confirmation is like the years of practice and team-building that it takes to really bring a team together. Updates? A Bishop performs the confirmation Why does the bishop do confirmation? C Xp^3]m`0J~e1@y bb=II*26^E:+f1U}gfdWG. },mfI(X'HU$-%NsrG/,b:N@A'Wa~SaR~'ExOcTxYz$Mt(&Y2EK"{,|jM 7%mq[BRCXhcxU^hKDqTsHPb[UuGcH/RQ|U~-cmt rE:d-fT;]T Tly:JVab;f.G3Z* -G.Jo@l[ }#T :OPdc *\L^F}l%SYU/]YG|e!ot~*l+C{cmzu1Tx=+\Sy*0{_&o nHyc|gV"t~ux=x}>r)~rixSz""'=|CMb8Hnaycp5 G='] []^DyucIIj%[]50r^N&SGSKgtRg]}7I#%_wf/jZ'lr:z9hJ`ZV[|k Ig5n8H\H[(y5=>$z* Tj0#E1Q*iGu6Y*0%8],N8{[d(%HCu/dLPTVwTWEHkK+H;&pLPKOcX`P,E!4%dUeCO %wBpd"Pui55Dg0$L+$,qBQ[U,BHb%T=R2;XW} ZLW_SS+yaL3.2]{m+Gj\+h 91 views, 2 likes, 0 loves, 0 comments, 1 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Apostles Lutheran Church: Proclaim the Victory! The Prayer Book rite for Confirmation includes forms for Reception and the Reaffirmation of Baptismal Vows. To this end catechesis for Confirmation should strive to awaken a sense of belonging to the Church of Jesus Christ, the universal Church as well as the parish community. This is one of those situations where the law was established with the intention of making the practical aspects of the process easier. The Episcopal Church's theology of Confirmation has continued to evolve along with its understanding of baptism. Confirmation is a mature reaffirmation of ones baptism in the presence of a bishop for the laying on of hands. Did Billy Graham speak to Marilyn Monroe about Jesus? 127 Cf. Because of the fact that the young person is making an adult decision to remain a loyal member of the Church, it is the role 91 The descent of the Holy Spirit on Jesus at his baptism by John was the sign that this was he who was to come, the Messiah, the Son of God. A. 2. THE SIGNS AND THE RITE OF CONFIRMATION 1293 In treating the rite of Confirmation, it is fitting to consider the sign of anointing and what it signifies and imprints: a spiritual seal. That of the Latin Church more clearly expresses the communion of the new Christian with the bishop as guarantor and servant of the unity, catholicity and apostolicity of his Church, and hence the connection with the apostolic origins of Christ's Church. these oils; for they are all olive oil, but in the Holy Chrism, balm is Part II, about Catholics who are not of the Latin rite. Some dioceses require that candidates for Confirmation be at least sixteen years old to insure that the candidates are making a mature and independent affirmation of their faith. Council Of Florence (1439): DS 1319; LG 11; 12. In other words, Chrism makes it hard for the Devil to grab you! A. persecuted for justice' sake are they who will not abandon their faith Was confirmed today -- no slap. Confirmation in the Catholic Church - Wikipedia 51.15.120.99 They did talk about that tradition in our pre-confirmation practice. Confession, and General Absolution (Repost). After To emphasize the unity of the two sacraments, it is appropriate that this be one of the baptismal godparents. WebConfirmation is about renewing ones baptismal promises before receiving communion for the first time. A. It is far more important for the I'm from Kentucky and am adamant that it is the best state. WebFirst, the confirmand is understood to be taking up an officers rank, so to speak, in Christs spiritual army. We have good reason never to be ashamed of the Catholic Faith because it is the Old Faith established by. Jn 6:27. Acts 2:38. Church Sermon 2023-04-30 | Proclaim the Victory! Can a Laicized Priest Return to the Priesthood? The mourners who deserve the consolation promised in the third Beatitude are they who, out of love for God. LG 11. seek is every Christian virtue included under that name, and we are We receive the gift of Fortitude to strengthen us to do the will of God in all things. OC , Introduction 2. Acts 8:15-17; 19:5-6; Heb 6:2. 2.In different forms they all promise the same reward, namely, sanctifying grace in this life and eternal glory. saved without it, for it is not given to infants even in danger of As canon 884.1 notes, the diocesan bishop can, if necessary, grant the faculty to administer the sacrament of confirmation to a priest in a specific It is a sin to neglect Confirmation, especially in these evil days when faith and morals are exposed to so many, A. Assisted suicide in the United States: Where is it legal? He did not. Any good soldier must be willing to suffer the bruises and scars of battle. Our Lord speaks in particular of poverty, meekness, sorrow, desire for virtue, mercy, purity, peace and. the +Bishop Confirmation in the Catholic Church | beginningCatholic.com Blessed are they that hunger and thirst after justice, for they shall be filled. WebThe Catechism of the Catholic Church states: It is evident from its celebration that the effect of the sacrament of Confirmation is the special outpouring of the Holy Spirit as once in baptism by water and the Spirit, and have forgiven Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. it, if possible. Other Catholics choose not to select a new name and stick with the one that they were baptized with to show Confirmations close connection with Baptism! The main reason although not expressed as such is that the pope and all bishops are considered the successors of the Apostles (of Our Lord, Jesus Christ). The sacrament of confirmation confers special graces of the Holy Spirit upon the person being confirmed, just as such graces were granted to the Apostles on Pentecost. administer is that of 'Holy Orders,' which ordains men into the Can a Bishop Forbid a Priest to Say Mass? Cloudflare Ray ID: 7c07b4563c4f018c If Baptism is conferred on an adult, there is only one post-baptismal anointing, that of Confirmation. 107 Cf. WebIn Confirmation, the bishop or priest places his hand upon our head and calls down upon us the Holy Spirit Who can, if we will let Him, transform our lives. The bishop invokes the outpouring of the Spirit in these words: All-powerful God, Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, by water and the Holy Spirit you freed your sons and daughters from sin and gave them new life. Rite of Confirmation Presentation of the Candidates Bishop sits after the gospel to hear the presentation by the pastor or DRE (miter 123 Cf. The Holy Spirit descends upon you and you accept the same challenge given by Jesus to the disciples. God the Father has marked you with his sign; Christ the Lord has confirmed you and has placed his pledge, the Spirit, in your hearts. << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> Bishops are the successors of the apostles. 134 Cf. In the Anglican church a bishop must administer the rite. Mar 21, 2005. The make us strong and perfect Christians and soldiers of Jesus Christ. It increases thegifts of theHoly Spiritin us. St. Hippolytus, Trad. 0o`/ecVCk,pcwS)2['@@Dm'u*(/GcXHOz3cGxNfD$\:$qO 6D>a+ {oq0gXSs*ZO}S\L M ~d{%S8/5zld!.z D *d! 111 When adults are baptized, they immediately receive Confirmation and participate in the Eucharist. Ezek 36:25-27; Joel 3:1-2. One may and should add a new name to his own at Confirmation, especially when the name of a saint has not. A civilian who flees an 118 Cf. the Holy Martyrs, sufficient grace to endure it. M.A., Political Theory, Catholic University of America, B.A., Political Theory, Michigan State University, It roots us more deeply in the divine filiation [as children of God] which makes us cry, "Abba! 1. More intense prayer should prepare one to receive the strength and graces of the Holy Spirit with docility and readiness to act. 883 2. &O*- =c nmv9F %j7ax E and anoints the forehead of each with holy chrism in the form of a cross. That same canon 882, however, which tells us the bishop is the ordinary minister of confirmation, adds that a priest is also able to validly confirm someone if he has the faculty to do so. In these churches, which are truly Catholic, confirmation has been administered by a priest for centuries. A. 127 1310 To receive Confirmation one must be in a state of grace. A seal authenticates a juridical act or document and occasionally makes it secret. 104 Cf. A. Faithful people have been receiving the Sacrament of Confirmation for almost 2,000 years. A. Pope Francis has actually done a homily on each of them: wisdom, understanding, knowledge, fortitude, piety, counsel, and fear of the Lord. Like baptism, therefore, it can be performed only once, and confirmation increases and deepens all of the graces granted at baptism. Confirmation The candidates reaffirm their renunciation of evil, and renew their commitment to Jesus Christ. This allowed infants to be baptized soon after birth, while the bishop could confirm many Christians at the same time, even years after baptism. In Eastern Orthodoxy the child generally receives the sacraments of baptism and chrismation and the first communion all in the same service. In fact, this is the one instance where it is both valid and licit for a priest who happens to be in the territory of a bishop who isnt his superior, to administer the sacrament of confirmation without the bishops knowledge or consent (cf. Richert, Scott P. "The Sacrament of Confirmation." They have received the fullness of the sacrament of Holy Orders. A friend who goes to the Episcopal Church says that Catholic Bishops don't do the Sacrament of Confirmation when they should. 1298 When Confirmation is celebrated separately from Baptism, as is the case in the Roman Rite, the Liturgy of Confirmation begins with the renewal of baptismal promises and the profession of faith by the confirmands. Church Sermon 2023-04-30 | Proclaim the Victory! - Facebook The bishop may shake hands with those who are being received to welcome them into this communion, and the bishop may lay hands on them in blessing. There is yet another situation in which a priest can administer the sacrament of confirmation: canon 883 n. 3 states that in danger of death, the pastor of the dying person, or any other priest who happens to be available, can confirm. 890. They also contract a spiritual. Performance & security by Cloudflare. Some people may believe that this is how it was always done and wonder why the familiar pattern has recently changed. Confirmation is your own personal Pentecost. Reaffirmation may be repeated, depending on the pastoral needs of the person. 129 Cf. None of the content of this website may be reproduced, either in whole or in part, without the advance written permission of the author. 112 1299 In the Roman Rite the bishop extends his hands over the whole group of the confirmands. How could the bishop possibly confirm everybody who becomes a Catholic in his diocese on Holy Saturday without there being tremendous logistical issues? Yes, the bishop does do Confirmation. 5. The chief concerns will always be to ensure that if at all possible, a dying adult receives the sacraments of penance, the Eucharist (which is known as Viaticum when received on ones death-bed, for the last time, cc. He eagerly sought to do good, showed mercy to all, recommended The first Beatitude means by the "poor in spirit" all persons, rich or 109 This seal of the Holy Spirit marks our total belonging to Christ, our enrollment in his service for ever, as well as the promise of divine protection in the great eschatological trial. Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. 114 Paul VI, apostolic constitution, Divinae consortium naturae , 663. In the West the desire to reserve the completion of Baptism to the bishop caused the temporal separation of the two sacraments. world can give; and who, when necessity or charity requires it, give In some dioceses, those who have already made a mature Christian commitment in another denomination are recognized as members of the one holy catholic and apostolic church, and received into the fellowship of the Episcopal Church and the Anglican Communion. Two traditions: East and West 1290 In the first centuries Confirmation generally comprised one single celebration with Baptism, forming with it a "double sacrament," according to the expression of St. Cyprian. This is because they are now told that if we earnestly desire and seek it we shall obtain it. Confirmation usually is preceded by instruction in the catechism. Who minster confirmation? A. Preparation for Confirmation/Reception/Reaffirmation should help the candidates discover the meaning of Christian commitment in their lives, and explore ways that their Christian commitment can be lived. Where Should a Catholic Baptism Take Place? (Repost), Refusing a Funeral Mass to a Non-Parishioner, Episcopal Celibacy and the Case of Bishop Antony. Canon 1003. specifically notes that only a priest can validly administer the anointing of the sick. % Learn Religions, Feb. 16, 2021, learnreligions.com/the-sacrament-of-confirmation-542118. Lk 12:12; Jn 3:5-8; 7:37-39; 16:7-15; Acts 1:8. Learn Religions. This article was most recently revised and updated by, The Seven Sacraments of the Roman Catholic church, https://www.britannica.com/topic/confirmation, Eternal Word Television Network - Sacrament of Confirmation 'What is it all about? Think about it like a team of basketball players. 4. Richert, Scott P. (2021, February 16). Imagine, for example, that a bishop is driving to a rural parish in his diocese in order to confirm a group of young parishioners. in His birth, life and death; meekness in His teaching; sorrow at all The bishop extends his hands over those who are to be confirmed, prays that they may receive the Holy Ghost. 98 1288 "From that time on the apostles, in fulfillment of Christ's will, imparted to the newly baptized by the laying on of hands the gift of the Spirit that completes the grace of Baptism. In the Latin rite, "the sacrament of Confirmation is conferred through the anointing with chrism on the forehead, which is done by the laying on of the hand, and through the words: 'Accipe signaculum doni Spiritus Sancti' [Be sealed with the Gift of the Holy Spirit.]." Retrieved from https://www.learnreligions.com/the-sacrament-of-confirmation-542118. The essential element, however, is the anointing of the confirmand (the person being confirmed) with chrism (an aromatic oil that has been consecrated by a bishop). Your soul changed permanently and you were filled with grace from God. Dont you have to be a bishop to do that? Blessed are the clean of heart, for they shall see God. Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called the children of God. Your IP: The holy oils are used as follows: The oil of the sick is used for 119 Cf. For pastoral reasons he may delegate a priest to administer the sacrament. 130 In the East, ordinarily the priest who baptizes also immediately confers Confirmation in one and the same celebration. 134 Indeed the Church desires that none of her children, even the youngest, should depart this world without having been perfected by the Holy Spirit with the gift of Christ's fullness. Since even a priest isnt able to ordain, it follows logically that a deacon cannot do so either. 131 1313 In the Latin Rite, the ordinary minister of Confirmation is the bishop. Thus there is nothing particularly innovative or modern about it. Confirmation is a Sacrament through which we receive the Holy Ghost to This clearly shows that Confirmation follows Baptism. Why? for the sake of Christ. By "these evil days" we mean the present age or century in which we are living, surrounded on all sides by. A. CIC, Can. c. 887)! A. The catechism of the Catholic Church lists five effects of confirmation: Because confirmation perfects our baptism, we are obliged to receive it "in due time." Even in childhood man can attain spiritual maturity: as the book of Wisdom says: "For old age is not honored for length of time, or measured by number of years. " These include the very situation to which Kaitlyn refersthe priest who baptizes somebody who is no longer an infant, or admits a baptized person into full communion with the Catholic Church (c. 883 n. 2). LG 26. What Is Confirmation in the Catholic Church? - dummies Isa 1:6; Lk 1034. Almighty and ever-living God, you have given these your servants new birth. 117 Rom 8:15. By anointing the forehead with chrism in the form of a cross is meant that the Christian who is confirmed must. Isa 11:2; 61:1; Lk 4:16-22. The effects of Confirmation are an increase of sanctifying grace, the strengthening of our faith, and the gifts of, A. Baptism is like being introduced to the team (the Church) and your coach (Jesus). poor, who would not offend God to possess or retain anything that this Maybe you have recently been dedicating a lot of time preparing and learning about the Sacrament of Confirmation so that, in the next few months, you can count yourself as one of the thousands of Catholics that receive it every year. What is the meaning of the bishop during confirmation? To be Confirmed, you must select a sponsor to help guide you through the process. Confirmation He has written about Catholicism for outlets including Humanitas and Catholic Answers Magazine. 8 Things You Need to Know About Confirmation A. The holy oils are blessed at the Mass on Holy Thursday by the bishop, who alone has the right to bless them. 1 Kings 21:8; Jer 32:10; Isa 29:11. The BCP also provides special propers for Confirmation at other times. WebThe bishop is the ordinary minister of Confirmation. WebThe bishop's prayer for those being confirmed. 105 2 Cor 2:15. 112 Cf. 89 Cf. In huge dioceses with large numbers of young people, the diocesan bishop occasionally asks another bishopperhaps a retired bishop with more time on his hands!to enter the diocese and confirm a group in a particular parish in his place. Among other reasons, the multiplication of infant baptisms all through the year, the increase of rural parishes, and the growth of dioceses often prevented the bishop from being present at all baptismal celebrations. OC Introduction 3. Church and understanding the commands of Christ. 100 This rite of anointing has continued ever since, in both East and West. 1318 In the East this sacrament is administered immediately after Baptism and is followed by participation in the Eucharist; this tradition highlights the unity of the three sacraments of Christian initiation. Click here for more information. Confirmation - CatholiCity.com WHO CAN RECEIVE THIS SACRAMENT? M7; ^Dc%Yi{[*$jH* BJ#JW)D1NeVsV(&\\aBXxt8suJBX:E (__S&|5i{sRb}vd Rev 7:2-3; 9:4; Ezek 9:4-6. The We are called soldiers of Jesus Christ to indicate how we must resist the attacks of our spiritual enemies and. By anointing the forehead with chrism in the form of a cross is meant that the Catholic who is confirmed must always be ready to profess his faith openly and to practice it fearlessly. bewail their own sins and those of the world; and they who patiently endure all trials that come from God or for His sake. 893 1-2. 94 Cf. those who need their help for soul or body. Confirmation has been characterized as "a rite seeking a theology.". In other dioceses, those who have been sacramentally confirmed in the Roman Catholic or Orthodox churches are received and others are confirmed. stream Ap. 122 IV. This shows your intention to copy their dedication to God. 1. commitment to the Holy Faith. So when does a priest have the faculty to do this? They pray for you and provide a support system for your faith. 120 St. Ambrose, De myst. 101 1291 A custom of the Roman Church facilitated the development of the Western practice: a double anointing with sacred chrism after Baptism. For this reason the Eastern Churches call this sacrament Chrismation , anointing with chrism, or myron which means "chrism." (A child in danger of death should receive confirmation as soon as possible, no matter his or her age.). Deut 11:14; Pss 23:5; 104:15. Sacrament also and instructed His Apostles in its use, at some time before His ascension into heaven. Father! 111 Cf. The East has kept them united, so that Confirmation is conferred by the priest who baptizes. St. Thomas reminds us of this: Age of body does not determine age of soul. Regular readers might remember Are They Really Catholic? Church Sermon 2023-04-30 | Proclaim the Victory! - Facebook I'm really into Catholic theology, angry rock music, and libraries but (mostly) not at the same time. The priest, however, performs the confirmation. 129 V. THE MINISTER OF CONFIRMATION 1312 The original minister of Confirmation is the bishop. ofg?o^5&G&fWumCUB. j)hZ/8wGUU ,B;#sB! `k2d>N:Has{5=\EEd4Pxdn _fk""v^qU,Olnr* Ooc$}%4`^UBvG2-`w}$Y 0SF&qcV&ul5Sm9[Y|*MKk*MeAS;J%P)#ho^9.H!QwzaT^1QB IH`w1Ak{y>GxsvNjQ7^[V8W&@$a]h'i"`D(&V`4#;)'I"H/VDpL*V2gv[ODO_*95.Dkp{Iq^UjSuNDKh-fuj :mRpt/&tJMcF.X}@IDc7]d! A. 416-417) and An Outline of the Faith (BCP, pp. 123 Since Baptism, Confirmation, and Eucharist form a unity, it follows that "the faithful are obliged to receive this sacrament at the appropriate time," 124 for without Confirmation and Eucharist, Baptism is certainly valid and efficacious, but Christian initiation remains incomplete.

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